In the name of Allah, Most Gracious, Most Merciful.
"BY THE SKY CONTAINING GREAT STARS," Allah, The Exalted, swears by the sky and its constellations(huge stars).
"AND[BY] THE PROMISED DAY" it is the Day of Resurrection.
"AND[BY] THE WITNESS AND WHAT IS WITNESSED," Al-Baghawi said, the majority of the scholars held that 'the witness' refers to Friday, and 'the witnessed' refers to the Day of 'Arafah.
"CURSED WERE THE COMPANIONS OF THE TRENCH" A curse upon the companion of the ukhdud, which means a ditch dug in the ground. The Ayah informs us about a group of disbelievers who gather against those who believe in Allah among them, oppressed them, and pressured them to leave their religion, but they refused. In response, the disbeliever dug a ditch in the ground and set it on fire. They prepare some fuel to be used for keeping the fire ablaze. Following that, they tried to pressure them into disbelief, but again they refused. On that, the disbeliever threw the believer into the burning ditch. Allah says, [CONTAINING] THE FIRE FULL OF FUEL WHEN THEY WERE SITTING NEAR IT, AND THEY, TO WHAT THEY WERE DOING AGAINST THE BELIEVERS, WERE WITNESSES." They are witnesses over all that they did to the believers.
"AND THEY RESENTED THEM NOT EXCEPT BECAUSE THEY BELIEVED IN ALLAH, THE EXALTED IN MIGHT, THE PRAISEWORTHY." For them the only sin of the believers was believing in Allah the Almighty.
"TO WHOM BELONG THE DOMINION OF THE HEAVENS AND THE EARTH" Who owns the heavens, the earth, everything in them and everything in between them.
"AND ALLAH, OVERALL THINGS, IS WITNESS" Nothing is hidden from Him in the heaven and the earth,
"INDEED, THOSE WHO HAVE TORTURED THE BELIEVING MEN AND BELIEVING WOMEN" Fatanu means burnt them.
"AND THEN HAVE NOT REPENTED" Subsequently, they did not cease from what they were doing, nor they repent of their past sins,
"WILL HAVE THE PUNISHMENT OF HELL, AND THEY WILL HAVE THE PUNISHMENT OF THE BURNING FIRE" They will reap what they have sown.
"INDEED, THOSE WHO HAVE BELIEVED AND DONE RIGHTEOUS DEEDS" Allah, the Exalted, informs that His believing slaves will have this
"WILL HAVE GARDENS BENEATH WHICH RIVERS FLOW," Whereas He prepared a Fire for enemies, so He described the reward of the believers saying,"THAT IS THE GREAT ATTAINMENT." Next, Allah says, "INDEED, THE VENGEANCE OF YOUR LORD IS SEVERE." It means His vengeance upon His enemies, who rejected his messengers and disobeyed His commands, will be severed.
"INDEED, IT IS HE WHO ORIGNATES[CREATION] AND REPEATS." It follows, from Allah's absolute might and omnipotence, that He beings a creation then recreates it as it were in the first time without any hindrances.
"AND HE IS THE FORGIVING, THE AFFECTIONATES" He forgives the sins of whoever repents and humbles himself to Him. Ibn Abbas and means the loving one.
"HONORABLE OWNER OF THE THRONE" Meaning is the owner of the great throne which is above all creation.
"EFFECTER OF WHAT HE INTENDS," i.e; whatever He wills, He does. No one can reverse His judgment and no one can question Him concerning what He does, because of His greatness, might, wisdom, and justice.
"HAS THERE REACHED YOU THE STORY OF THE SOLDIERS, [THOSE OF] PHARAOH AND THAMUD?" Have the news reached you of the hardship and affliction Allah caused them to suffer?
"BUT THEY WHO DISBELIEVE ARE IN[PERSISTENT] DENIED." They are in doubt, disbelief and are obstinate.
"WHILE ALLAH ENCOMPASSES THEM FROM BEHIND" Mean He has power over them nd they cannot escape Him.
"BUT THIS IS AN HONORED QURAN," i.e; Glorious and Noble.
"[INSCRIBED] IN A PRESERVED SLATE" meaning it is protected from addition, omission, interpolation, and alteration.
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